Untethered airborne wind energy systems

Dynamic soaring uses wind shear as a tether. Harnessing jet streams implies a very long rope (see https://www.skywindpower.com/), which makes them unusable unless using the huge wind gradients with untethered UAV.

Another possibility is the implementation of individual drones to use the wind gradient close to the ground like this:


by adding turbines and storage devices onboard.

Concerning tethered AWES and by using the lower part of the troposphere, the rope is not a crippling problem if the dimensions of the wing are consequent.