There is a problem of perspective.
In the traditional wind industry, there is one main sector that accounts for the largest share of the onshore and offshore market: horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs). A marginal addition is provided with vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs). And that is it.
Regarding AWES, as it is a technology that is not yet operational, the number of potential methods far exceeds that of conventional wind turbines.
If we take the example of a rope-drive transmission (such as the “Kiwee” type) versus a conventional onboard wind turbine, we could compare two categories which look similar, even though they could correspond to the HAWTs and VAWTs from conventional wind turbines.
In fact, there could be just as many differences between AWES with rope-drive transmission and AWES with conventional onboard wind turbines as there are between conventional HAWTs and VAWTs. And there are many other categories and subcategories of AWES.
In conventional wind energy, you are not looking for the prevailing method, since you are there with HAWT. The work is already largely marked out.
In AWE, you must try to find something workable in a multitude of methods, none of which are truly proven, and none of which are truly refuted, while knowing that AWES (for electricity generation) can also constitute a dead end in the short and medium term.
We therefore arrive at a double pitfall: we try to explore a method in depth, without really knowing if it can succeed; or we flit between numerous methods without really managing to distinguish the potential advantages and the potentially prohibitive flaws.